Multimodal hubs’ development often falls within the public sector domain, as in most cases, it is entirely funded by local authorities, regions or cities or the public transport operator.
In the context of network development, joint procurement for hub infrastructure presents a valuable opportunity. This might be especially useful when developing a network across different municipalities.
In some other cases some more complex financial structures are needed to accommodate public-private collaboration models.
Partnerships between the Public and Private sectors (PPPs) offer advantages not only for the public sector but also for the private sector, allowing them to use their competence and obtain a return on investment through retail and real estate activities. Through PPPs, risks are shared, and investments are expedited. However, the establishment of appropriate legal frameworks and effective supervision capacities are crucial prerequisites for successful collaborations and outcomes.
In MOVE21 the funding of the mobility hub network in Oslo has so far been divided between real estate companies and housing associations and the city administration. In the case of the Kaia Mobility Hotel, all partners contribute with cash and in-kind contributions for a set time period with the aim to provide sufficient runway to test and launch new and economically sustainable business models. In Hamburg, the partnership between Deutsche Bahn and the City of Hamburg exists on several levels. On the one hand, Deutsche Bahn bears a risk in the measures it finances with its own funds for investments. On the other hand, the company advises Hamburg and its districts on the financial participation from the state authorities or the districts for improvement of measures, among other things.
The white paper in public private partnerships developed by the MOVE21 partners provides and extensive overview of the collaboration schemes and the financial implications for the measures developed in MOVE21 Living Labs.